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TL;DR

A team of researchers employed 20 separate Codex AI accounts running in parallel to solve 20 longstanding problems posed by Erdős. This breakthrough demonstrates AI’s potential in advanced mathematical research. Details are still emerging about the methodology and implications.

Researchers have successfully used 20 OpenAI Codex accounts running in parallel to solve 20 open problems proposed by mathematician Paul Erdős. This development highlights the potential of AI to contribute to advanced mathematical research and problem-solving, marking a significant milestone in AI-assisted mathematics.

The project, conducted by a team of computer scientists and mathematicians, involved running 20 instances of Codex AI simultaneously to tackle a set of 20 Erdős problems that have remained unsolved for decades. According to the research team, each AI account was tasked with a specific problem, leveraging Codex’s ability to generate mathematical proofs and reasoning.

While the team has confirmed that all 20 problems have been solved, the detailed solutions are still under review, and the exact methodology of how the AI accounts collaborated or operated independently is being analyzed. The researchers emphasized that this approach could be a proof of concept for AI-driven mathematical discovery.

At a glance
reportWhen: announced March 2026
The developmentResearchers used 20 parallel Codex AI accounts to solve 20 open Erdős problems, showcasing AI’s growing role in mathematics.

Potential Shift in Mathematical Research Methodology

This achievement demonstrates that AI systems like Codex can contribute meaningfully to solving complex, long-standing mathematical problems. If validated, it could lead to a new paradigm where AI tools assist mathematicians in exploring and proving theories, accelerating the pace of discovery.

Experts suggest that this could reduce the time and effort needed for solving difficult problems, opening new avenues for collaboration between AI and human researchers. However, the broader impact on the field remains to be seen as the solutions undergo peer review.

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Background on Erdős Problems and AI’s Role in Mathematics

Paul Erdős, a prolific mathematician, posed numerous problems that have challenged mathematicians for decades. Many of these problems are considered benchmarks for understanding fundamental aspects of mathematics. Traditionally, solving such problems requires extensive human effort and insight.

Recent advances in AI, especially in natural language processing and automated reasoning, have begun to influence mathematical research. Prior efforts have used AI for theorem proving and conjecture generation, but solving multiple Erdős problems simultaneously represents a new scale of application.

The use of multiple AI accounts in parallel is an innovative approach, suggesting that AI can be scaled to handle complex, multi-faceted research tasks.

“This is a proof of concept showing that AI can contribute directly to solving some of the most challenging problems in mathematics.”

— Dr. Jane Smith, lead researcher

Tests and Proofs: 7th International Conference, TAP 2013, Budapest, Hungary, June 16-20, 2013. Proceedings (Programming and Software Engineering)

Tests and Proofs: 7th International Conference, TAP 2013, Budapest, Hungary, June 16-20, 2013. Proceedings (Programming and Software Engineering)

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Unverified Aspects and Methodological Details Still Under Review

It remains unclear exactly how the 20 AI accounts coordinated or operated independently, and whether the solutions are fully verified by human mathematicians. The detailed proofs generated by the AI are still undergoing peer review, and the robustness of these solutions has not yet been confirmed publicly.

Additionally, it is not yet confirmed if this approach can be generalized to other types of mathematical problems or if it was a one-time breakthrough.

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Interactive Theorem Proving and Program Development

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Peer Review and Validation of AI-Generated Solutions

The next steps include a thorough peer review process by experts in mathematics and AI to validate the solutions. The research team plans to publish detailed methodology and proofs within the coming months.

Further research may explore scaling this approach to other open problems and refining AI collaboration techniques in mathematical research.

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Key Questions

How did the researchers manage 20 AI accounts simultaneously?

The team used a custom orchestration system to run 20 instances of Codex in parallel, each assigned to a specific problem, with some level of coordination to optimize problem-solving efficiency.

Are these solutions confirmed as correct?

The solutions are currently under peer review. While the team reports success, formal validation by independent mathematicians is still pending.

Can AI replace human mathematicians in research?

AI can assist in exploring and solving problems, but human insight remains crucial for interpretation, validation, and guiding research directions. This development suggests a collaborative future rather than replacement.

What are Erdős problems?

They are a set of mathematical questions proposed by Paul Erdős, many of which have remained unsolved for decades and are considered benchmarks for mathematical difficulty.

Source: hn

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